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Publicaciones sobre Temas de Interés
CUIDADOS PALIATIVOS
American Society of Clinical Oncology: J Clin Oncol, 30:880-887, 2012
American Society of Clinical Oncology Provisional Clinical Opinion: The Integration of Palliative Care Into Standard Oncology Care
Thomas J. Smith, Sarah Temin, Erin R. Alesi, Amy P. Abernethy, Tracy A. Balboni, Ethan M. Basch, Betty R. Ferrell, Matt Loscalzo, Diane E. Meier, Judith A. Paice, Jeffrey M. Peppercorn, Mark Somerfield, Ellen Stovall and Jamie H. Von Roenn
Abstract
Purpose An American Society of Clinical Oncology (ASCO) provisional clinical opinion (PCO) offers timely clinical direction to ASCO's membership following publication or presentation of potentially practice-changing data from major studies. This PCO addresses the integration of palliative care services into standard oncology practice at the time a person is diagnosed with metastatic or advanced cancer.
Clinical Context Palliative care is frequently misconstrued as synonymous with end-of-life care. Palliative care is focused on the relief of suffering, in all of its dimensions, throughout the course of a patient's illness. Although the use of hospice and other palliative care services at the end of life has increased, many patients are enrolled in hospice less than 3 weeks before their death, which limits the benefit they may gain from these services. By potentially improving quality of life (QOL), cost of care, and even survival in patients with metastatic cancer, palliative care has increasing relevance for the care of patients with cancer. Until recently, data from randomized controlled trials (RCTs) demonstrating the benefits of palliative care in patients with metastatic cancer who are also receiving standard oncology care have not been available.
Recent Data Seven published RCTs form the basis of this PCO.
Provisional Clinical Opinion
Based on strong evidence from a phase III RCT, patients with metastatic non–small-cell lung cancer should be offered concurrent palliative care and standard oncologic care at initial diagnosis. While a survival benefit from early involvement of palliative care has not yet been demonstrated in other oncology settings, substantial evidence demonstrates that palliative care—when combined with standard cancer care or as the main focus of care—leads to better patient and caregiver outcomes. These include improvement in symptoms, QOL, and patient satisfaction, with reduced caregiver burden. Earlier involvement of palliative care also leads to more appropriate referral to and use of hospice, and reduced use of futile intensive care. While evidence clarifying optimal delivery of palliative care to improve patient outcomes is evolving, no trials to date have demonstrated harm to patients and caregivers, or excessive costs, from early involvement of palliative care. Therefore, it is the Panel's expert consensus that combined standard oncology care and palliative care should be considered early in the course of illness for any patient with metastatic cancer and/or high symptom burden. Strategies to optimize concurrent palliative care and standard oncology care, with evaluation of its impact on important patient and caregiver outcomes (eg, QOL, survival, health care services utilization, and costs) and on society, should be an area of intense research.
NOTE. ASCO's provisional clinical opinions (PCOs) reflect expert consensus based on clinical evidence and literature available at the time they are written and are intended to assist physicians in clinical decision making and identify questions and settings for further research. Because of the rapid flow of scientific information in oncology, new evidence may have emerged since the time a PCO was submitted for publication. PCOs are not continually updated and may not reflect the most recent evidence. PCOs cannot account for individual variation among patients and cannot be considered inclusive of all proper methods of care or exclusive of other treatments. It is the responsibility of the treating physician or other health care provider, relying on independent experience and knowledge of the patient, to determine the best course of treatment for the patient. Accordingly, adherence to any PCO is voluntary, with the ultimate determination regarding its application to be made by the physician in light of each patient's individual circumstances. ASCO PCOs describe the use of procedures and therapies in clinical trials and cannot be assumed to apply to the use of these interventions in the context of clinical practice. ASCO assumes no responsibility for any injury or damage to persons or property arising out of or related to any use of ASCO's PCOs, or for any errors or omissions.
Ver artículo completo
http://jco.ascopubs.org/content/30/8/880.full.pdf+html
ESTADISTICAS: mortalidad, incidencia
American Cancer Society - www.cancer.org
Cancer Facts & Figures 2012
“Provides the estimated numbers of new cancer cases and deaths in 2012 as well as cancer incidence, mortality, and survival statistics and information on cancer symptoms, risk factors, early detection, and treatment. The topic of the special section is cancers with increasing incidence rates”
Recursos adicionales:
- Most Requested Tables and Figures
- Supplemental Data
- Cancer Statistics 2012 Slide Presentation
Los interesados pueden consultar o descargar el texto completo en:
http://www.cancer.org/Research/CancerFactsFigures/index
TABAQUISMO
National Cancer Institute (NCI)
La reducción del consumo de tabaco ayudó a prevenir más muertes por cáncer de pulmón de lo esperado
“La reducción del tabaquismo ayudó a salvar más vidas porque evitó más casos de cáncer de pulmón de lo que se pensaba previamente, según los resultados de un estudio financiado por el NCI. Sin embargo, se podrían haber evitado aún muchas más muertes de haberse logrado una mayor reducción del tabaquismo. Los investigadores de la Red de Modelado de Intervención y Vigilancia del Cáncer (CISNET, Cancer Intervention and Surveillance Modeling) del NCI usaron para el estudio modelos informáticos para cuantificar el impacto del descenso en los índices de tabaquismo en la mortalidad por cáncer de pulmón en los Estados Unidos. Los resultados aparecieron el 14 de mayo en el Journal of the National Cancer Institute...”
Fuente: Boletín del Instituto Nacional del Cáncer (NCI), 24 e abril de 2012, v.4, 5.ed.
Ver artículo completo
http://www.cancer.gov/espanol/noticias/boletin/042412/page7
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